ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

                                            A  capacitor  (originally known as a  condenser ) is a  passive   two-terminal electrical component  used to store  energy   electrostatically  in an  electric field . The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least two  electrical conductors  (plates) separated by a  dielectric  (i.e.  insulator ). The conductors can be thin films, foils or sintered beads of metal or conductive electrolyte, etc. The "nonconducting" dielectric acts to increase the capacitor's charge capacity. A dielectric can be glass, ceramic, plastic film, air, vacuum, paper, mica, oxide layer etc. Capacitors are widely used as parts of  electrical circuits  in many common electrical devices. Unlike a  resistor , an ideal capacitor does not dissipate energy. Instead, a capacitor stores  energy  in the form of an  electrostatic field  between its plates. When there is a  potential difference  across the conductors (e.g., when a ca

                                                                                                                                                       A  resistor  is a  passive   two-terminal   electrical component  that implements electrical resistance  as a circuit element. Resistors act to reduce current flow, and, at the same time, act to lower voltage levels within circuits. In electronic circuits resistors are used to limit current flow, to adjust signal levels,  bias  active elements, terminate  transmission lines  among other uses. High-power resistors that can dissipate many  watts  of electrical power as heat may be used as part of motor controls, in power distribution systems, or as test loads for  generators . Resistors can have fixed resistances that only change slightly with temperature, time or operating voltage. Variable resistors can be used to adjust circuit elements (such as a volume control or a lamp dimmer), or as sensing devices for heat, light, humidity,

The value of the resistor is marked on the body using colors. Every color is different number and you can remember these numbers or you can just use the table on next step. OR there are much resistor calculators that you can use. It's for the laziest people :D . However it's your decision ,and I will show you all ways to calculate resistor value. COLOURS Here is the table with the colors and numbers. As you can see they are: BLACK: 0 BROWN: 1 RED:           2 ORANGE: 3 YELLOW: 4 GREEN:       5 BLUE: 6 VIOLET:      7 GREY: 8 WHITE: 9 But this is not for all colors. From right to left the second color is multiplier. Digits from the first colors must be multiplied with the number of this color. BLACK: 1 BROWN: 10 RED:           100 ORANGE: 1000 YELLOW: 10000 GREEN:       100000 BLUE: 1000000 GOLD: 0.1 SILVER: 0.01 And the last color: This is tolerance. Tolerance is the precision of the resistor and it is given as a percentage. For example a 3

Thomas Edison, American inventor and businessman, known as "The Wizard of Menlo Park", pushed for the development of a DC power network. In the "War of Currents" era (sometimes, "War of the Currents" or "Battle of Currents" ) in the late 1880s, George Westinghouse and Thomas Edison became adversaries due to Edison's promotion of direct current (DC) for electric power distribution over alternating current (AC) advocated by several European companies [1] and Westinghouse Electric based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which had acquired many of the patents by Nikola Tesla . The direct-current system generated and distributed electric power at the same voltage as used by the customer's lamps and motors. This had the effect of large, costly, distribution wires and forced generating plants to be near the loads. With the development of a practical transformer, power could be sent long distances over relatively small wires at

V, I, and R, the parameters of Ohm's law.              Ohm's law states that at constant temperature ,the current through a conductor between two points isdirectly proportional to the potential difference across the two points.